BulkUpdate

This method updates existing rows in the database in bulk, matched by the defined qualifiers. It is supported for Oracle.

This page documents the Oracle-specific arguments and examples. For the SQL Server implementation, see BulkUpdate (SQL Server).

Call Flow Diagram

The diagram below shows the flow when calling this operation.

flowchart TD
    Client["Client<br/>(RepoDB)"] -->|BulkUpdate| Source["Entities /<br/>DataTable /<br/>DbDataReader"]
    Source --> Pseudo["Create Pseudo Table<br/>(Physical)"]
    Pseudo --> BulkCopy["OracleBulkCopy<br/>(direct-path load)"]
    BulkCopy -->|Write| PseudoTable[("Pseudo Table")]
    PseudoTable -->|"MERGE INTO ... USING ...<br/>WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE<br/>(no WHEN NOT MATCHED)"| Table[("Target Table")]
    PseudoTable -->|Drop| Cleanup(["Pseudo Table Dropped"])

Use Case

Use this method to update rows at high speed. It leverages the native bulk operation from ODP.NET via the OracleBulkCopy class.

For updating 1,000 or more rows, prefer this method over UpdateAll.

A pseudo (staging) table is created under a transaction context. The library writes to it via BulkInsert internally, then cascades the changes to the target table via a MERGE statement with no WHEN NOT MATCHED branch — staged rows with no matching target row are left as-is, not inserted. See Operations (Oracle) for the underlying mechanics.

Special Arguments

The qualifiers, mappings, bulkCopyTimeout, batchSize and pseudoTableType arguments are available for this operation.

qualifiers defines the fields used to match existing rows, corresponding to the WHERE clause. Defaults to the primary column if not specified.

mappings (via OracleBulkInsertMapItem) defines explicit column mappings between the source properties and the destination columns. When omitted, columns are auto-mapped by name (case-insensitive).

bulkCopyTimeout overrides the command timeout, in seconds.

batchSize overrides the number of rows sent to the server per batch. When not set, all items are sent at once.

pseudoTableType (via OracleBulkImportPseudoTableType) controls the kind of staging table used internally.

Every pseudoTableType value currently resolves to Physical at runtime — see Operations (Oracle) for details.

Caveats

This operation creates a pseudo-temporary table internally under a transaction context. The database user must have permission to create tables, or an OracleException will be thrown.

Usability

Given a list of Person models, the following example bulk-updates rows in the Person table.

using (var connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString))
{
    var updatedRows = connection.BulkUpdate(people);
}

To specify a batch size:

using (var connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString))
{
    var updatedRows = connection.BulkUpdate(people, batchSize: 100);
}

When batchSize is not set, all rows are sent to the server in a single batch.

DataTable

using (var connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString))
{
    var table = ConvertToDataTable(people);
    var updatedRows = connection.BulkUpdate("Person", table);
}

Dictionary/ExpandoObject

using (var sourceConnection = new OracleConnection(sourceConnectionString))
{
    var result = sourceConnection.QueryAll("Person");
    using (var destinationConnection = new OracleConnection(destinationConnectionString))
    {
        var updatedRows = destinationConnection.BulkUpdate("Person", result,
            qualifiers: Field.From("LastName", "DateOfBirth"));
    }
}

DataReader

using (var sourceConnection = new OracleConnection(sourceConnectionString))
{
    using (var reader = sourceConnection.ExecuteReader("SELECT * FROM Person WHERE (IsActive = 1)"))
    {
        using (var destinationConnection = new OracleConnection(destinationConnectionString))
        {
            var rows = destinationConnection.BulkUpdate("Person", reader);
        }
    }
}

To bulk-update via DataEntityDataReader:

using (var connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString))
{
    var people = GetPeople(10000);
    using (var reader = new DataEntityDataReader<Person>(people))
    {
        var updatedRows = connection.BulkUpdate("Person", reader);
    }
}

Field Qualifiers

By default, the primary column is used as the qualifier. To override, pass a list of Field objects in the qualifiers argument.

using (var connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString))
{
    var people = GetPeople(10000);
    var updatedRows = connection.BulkUpdate<Person>(people,
        qualifiers: e => new { e.LastName, e.DateOfBirth });
}

Use indexed columns from the target table as qualifiers to maximize performance.

Column Mappings

Add column mappings using the OracleBulkInsertMapItem class.

var mappings = new List<OracleBulkInsertMapItem>();

// Add the mappings
mappings.Add(new OracleBulkInsertMapItem("SourceId", "DestinationId"));
mappings.Add(new OracleBulkInsertMapItem("SourceName", "DestinationName"));
mappings.Add(new OracleBulkInsertMapItem("SourceIsActive", "DestinationIsActive"));
mappings.Add(new OracleBulkInsertMapItem("SourceDateInsertedUtc", "DestinationDateInsertedUtc"));

// Execute
using (var connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString))
{
    var people = GetPeople(10000);
    var updatedRows = connection.BulkUpdate(people,
        mappings: mappings);
}

Targeting a Table

To target a specific table, pass the literal table name.

using (var connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString))
{
    var people = GetPeople(10000);
    var updatedRows = connection.BulkUpdate("Person", people);
}

Async Method

An equivalent BulkUpdateAsync method is also available.

using (var connection = new OracleConnection(connectionString))
{
    var updatedRows = await connection.BulkUpdateAsync(people);
}